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This text examines contemporary issues such as neoliberal policies, democracy and multiculturalism, analyzing them from a gender perspective. It examines how liberal rights and ideas of democracy and justice have been absorbed into the political agendas of women's movements

This article surveys feminist citizenship practices and scholarship on gender, justice, citizenship and rights in Latin America. Feminism's critique of patriarchal privilege expressed a modern desire for greater individual freedom and collective recognition, a combination that produced tensions and some inconsistencies in regard to the «difference» question, notably in its encounter with indigenous populations. However, central to feminism's project was the pursuit of both recognition and redistribution, which achieved greater success in the realm of law and politics than in the distribution of public and private goods. A review of Latin American feminism's achievements reveals a history of substantial advances but a striking persistence of gender inequality, which provides a rich agenda for further investigation. ; Este artículo hace un recorrido por las prácticas feministas ciudadanas y los estudios sobre género, justicia, ciudadanía y derechos en América Latina. La crítica al privilegio patriarcal realizada desde el feminismo expresa un deseo moderno de mayor libertad individual y reconocimiento colectivo. Unas peticiones que han producido tensiones y algunas contradicciones en relación a la cuestión de la «diferencia», especialmente en el encuentro con los pueblos indígenas. No obstante, el feminismo siempre se ha dedicado a lograr tanto el reconocimiento como la redistribución; si bien, ha alcanzado más éxito en los terrenos legales y políticos que en la redistribución de recursos públicos y privados. El análisis de los logros del feminismo en América Latina revela una historia de éxitos significativos, pero parciales; y una serie de desafíos para futuras investigaciones al respecto.

ABSTRACTThe term neoliberal is widely used as shorthand to describe the policy environment of the last three decades. Yet the experience of the Latin American region suggests that it is too broad a descriptor for what is in fact a sequenced, fragmented and politically indeterminate process. This article examines the evolution of social protection in the region, and argues for a more grounded, historical approach to neoliberalism, and for some analytic refinement to capture the different 'moments' in its policy evolution, its variant regional modalities, and its co‐existence with earlier policies and institutional forms. It suggests that totalizing conceptions of neoliberalism as imposing an inexorable market logic with predetermined social and political outcomes fail to capture the variant modalities, adaptations and indeed resistance to the global diffusion of the structural reforms. This article outlines the systems of social welfare prevailing in Latin America prior to the reforms, and then examines the principle elements of what has been termed the 'New Social Policy' in Latin America, engaging three issues: the periodization of neoliberalism; the role of the state; and the place of politics in the neoliberal reform agenda.

Abstract This article considers some of the changes and continuities in social protection in Latin America through a focus on the ways in which motherhood is positioned as key to the success of the new anti‐poverty programmes that have followed structural reform. It examines a flagship cash transfer programme known as Progresa/Oportunidades (Opportunities) established in Mexico in 1997 and now being widely adopted in the region. Characterized by some commentators as a quintessentially neo‐liberal programme, it is argued that Oportunidades represents a novel combination of earlier maternalist social policy approaches with the conditional, co‐responsibility models associated with the recent approaches to social welfare and poverty relief endorsed by international policy actors. In the first section, the gendered assumptions that have governed Latin American social policy are described; the second outlines social policy provision in Latin America and identifies the key elements of the new approaches to poverty; and the third critically examines the broader implications of the Mexican programme's selective and gendered construction of social need premised, as it is, on re‐traditionalizing gendered roles and responsibilities.